Give difference Amongest Lamarckism, Darwinism and Mutation Theory.
Properties | Lamarckism | Darwinism | Mutation Theory |
$(a)$ Vital force | The theory believes that every organism has an internal vital force that tends to increase its size upto a certain limit. | Darwinism does. not believe in internal vital force. | No internal vital force is involved. |
$(b)$ Conscious Reaction |
Animals with well developed nervous system react consciously to any change in environment. | Darwinism does not involve any conscious reaction. | No conscious reaction is belived to take part in the process of evolution. |
$(c)$ Appetency | The theory considers appetency or desires on the part of animals an important force in the development of modifications. | It is not a constituent of the theory. | Appetency is not involved. |
$(d)$ Use and disuse | The organs put to more use are believed to develop more while organs not used begin to degenerate. | The theory is silent about use and discuss of organs. | The theory is silent about it. |
$A$ : $A$ single large mutation called saltation can produce new species.
$R$ : Mutations are directional
Match the columns :
Column - $I$ | Column - $II$ |
$(1)$ Human embryos have gill | $(a)$ Chemical evolution |
$(2)$ Oparin and Haldane | $(b)$ Stimulation experiment |
$(3)$ Miller and uray | $(c)$ Wings of bird and butterfly |
$(4)$ Analogous organ | $(d)$ Outogeny repeats phylogeny |
Definitions / Explanation : Homology & Adaptive radiation or divergent evolution
Match the columns :
Column - $I$ | Column - $II$ |
$(1)$ Charles Darwin | $(a)$ Mutation theory |
$(2)$ Lamarck | $(b)$ Germ plasm theory |
$(3)$ Hugo de vries | $(c)$ Philosophie zoologique |
$(4)$ Ernst Haeckel | $(d)$ The origin of species |
$(5)$ August Weismann | $(e)$ Biogenetic law |
$(f)$ Eassy on population |
The three natural processes that form the basis for evolution are